Ethiopia’s peace pacts with the Oromo Liberation Front have failed: here’s what was missing

Two attempts have been made over the past six years to broker peace between the Ethiopian government and the armed rebel group Oromo Liberation Front. The armed group was formed half a century ago with the goal of carving out an independent state for Oromia, the country’s largest regional state. Both attempts at brokering peace – in 2018 and again in 2023 – ended in failure and a return to violence. Why?